Use Of Personal Protective Equipment Research Articles

Cross-sectional study of personal protective equipment use, training and biosafety preparedness among healthcare workers during the first months of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in Brazil

ObjectivesBrazil has high rates of COVID-19 and tuberculosis among healthcare workers (HCWs). Personal protective equipment (PPE) is essential for their protection. We aimed to evaluate PPE use, training, and preparedness...

Factor associated with an increased rate of HBV infection in healthcare professionals

Hepatitis B can be transmitted through accidents with sharps and in the case of infection, it can increase the chances of the infected professional developing diseases such as carcinomas, cirrhosis and even leading to death. It is essential that healthcare professionals have knowledge about the means of disease transmission and understanding of accidents. The objectives of the study were to understand the factors related to the increase in HBV infection in healthcare professionals, describe the profile of accidents with biological materials in healthcare professionals, present the knowledge of healthcare professionals in relation to hepatitis B and describe the biosafety measures adopted by health professionals in relation to HBV. This was an integrative review. A search for scientific articles was carried out in indexed databases, following exclusion and inclusion criteria, using the PRISMA flowchart. 15 articles were evaluated that demonstrated low vaccination coverage, inadequate use of personal protective equipment and lack of knowledge about the infection, making it essential to monitor biosafety measures to guarantee a safe work environment

Some Specific Biological Risks of SARS-CoV-2 Infected Syrian Hamsters at Animal Biosafety Level - Lab 3

The emergence of novel severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has prompted extensive research to identify its pathogenesis, transmission, and reservoir entry in animals. Syrian hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) are being identified as an ideal animal model for the study of SARS-CoV-2 infection due to their susceptibility and respiratory symptoms similar to that observed in humans. This study focused on the specific biological risks associated with the use of infected Syrian hamsters in animal biosafety level 3 (ABSL-3) laboratories. The professional and psychological training of professionals working with laboratory animals should be a priority. Biological safety requires the involvement of all parties from technical staff to top management. The COVID-19 pandemic has shown a limitation in experimental studies when obtaining the right strain of mice proved difficult. A rare experimental model of Syrian hamsters started to be used in the work, which Syrian hamsters have several distinctive characteristics associated with increased aggressiveness of females, leading to a requirement to keep them isolated and some technical difficulties during manipulations in the biological safety cabinet. Therefore, a risk-based approach must be introduced to reduce the additional risks to workers to an acceptable level. This includes enhanced accuracy in the use of personal protective equipment (PPE), rigorously following biosecurity protocols, and monitoring staff health to detect potential risk of zoonotic transmission. The implementation of international standards and regulations on biological safety and biosecurity is of paramount importance.

Knowledge of Infection Prevention and Control and Practice Behaviors among Career and Volunteer Firefighters in Rural Communities

Due to the emerging threat conditions in the work environment, firefighters are at a high risk of exposure to not only toxic substances but also biological agents in the dayroom and during emergency runs. The aim of this study is to evaluate firefighter (career and volunteer) knowledge and practice behaviors on infection control. This study surveyed 444 firefighters (210 career, 234 volunteer) in rural Northwestern Kentucky. The self-reported survey focused on individual characteristics, knowledge on exposure incident control, precautionary actions, and personal protections. We evaluated the descriptive characteristics of knowledge and practice scores stratified by firefighter groups (career and volunteers). The associations between infection control training received (yes/no) and firefighter knowledge and practice scores were also examined. Firefighters who were trained on infection control prevention had significantly higher knowledge scores (M = 63.7, SD = 13.4 vs. M = 59.7, SD = 15.9; p = 0.012). Volunteer firefighters exhibited better infection control practice behaviors than career firefighters (M = 70.6, SD = 13.0 vs. M = 67.4, SD = 11.1; p = 0.05). Firefighters who followed infection control guidelines (M = 69.5, SD = 11.9 vs. M = 58.1, SD = 9.9; p = 0.012) and expressed need for a comprehensive training on personal protective equipment (PPE) selection (β = 3.41, SE = 1.54, aOR = 30.22, 95% CI: 1.47–620.87; p = 0.028) had significantly higher practice scores compared to those who did not. The study results have policy implications for infection prevention and control (IPC) in rural fire departments, both career and volunteer. A review of infection control policies is needed, especially as it relates to training and practice behaviors during emergency calls and in the dayroom. Results also suggest the need to develop strategies to improve the culture of PPE use and training on the selection of PPEs appropriate to the emergency response type.

Machine Learning Methods Analysis of Preceding Factors Affecting Behavioral Intentions to Purchase Reduced Plastic Products

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to an increase in the use of personal protective equipment and single-use plastics, which has exacerbated plastic littering on land and in marine environments. Consumer behaviors with regards to eco-friendly products, their acceptance, and intentions to purchase need to be explored to help businesses achieve their sustainability goals. This paper establishes the Sustainability Theory of Planned Behavior (STPB), an integration of the TPB and sustainability domains, in order to analyze the said objectives. The study employed a machine learning ensemble method and used MATLAB to analyze the data. The results showed that support and attitude from perceived authorities were the main variables influencing customers’ intentions for purchasing reduced plastic products. Customers with a high level of environmental awareness were more likely to embrace reduced plastic items as a way to lessen their ecological footprint and support environmental conservation, making perceived environmental concern another important factor. This shows that authorities play a big role in the community in influencing people to choose reduced plastic products, making it the duty of governments and companies to promote environmental awareness. This study emphasizes the significance of the latent variables considered when developing marketing plans and activities meant to promote products with less plastic.

Factors Affecting Compliance with The Use of PPE (Personal Protective Equipment) in Nurses the Inpatient Room of Ananda Bekasi Hospital

Occupational health and safety is a crucial aspect in the hospital environment. Even though there are regulations governing the use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) by nurses, compliance with its use is still a challenge. This research was conducted at Ananda Bekasi Hospital to understand the factors that influence nurses' compliance in using PPE. Quantitative methods with a cross-sectional approach were used with a sample of 60 nurses from inpatient rooms. Data was obtained through questionnaires, and statistical analysis was carried out using univariate, bivariate and multivariate tests. The results show a significant relationship between work experience, attitudes, knowledge, availability of PPE, supervision, and social support with the use of PPE. The dominant factors influencing the use of PPE are length of service, attitude and social support. The implication is that attention needs to be paid to education, training, better supervision, as well as a supportive culture and attitude to increase compliance with the use of PPE among nurses in hospitals.

Hubungan Lama Kerja dan Penggunaan APD terhadap Kejadian ISPA pada Pekerja PT. Cakra Indo Pratama (CIP) Site Bukit Asam Tanjung Enim

Background: Work duration of more than 5 years has a risk of experiencing symptoms of acute respiratory infections, acute respiratory infections are upper or lower tract diseases, usually infectious and cause various diseases that range from asymptomatic diseases or mild infections to severe and deadly diseases, the need for efforts for occupational safety in PT. CIP workers, Personal Protective Equipment is one of the last efforts for the company to protect its workforce from factors and potential hazards. The purpose of the study: To determine the relationship between length of work and the use of personal protective equipment to acute respiratory infections in PT. CIP field workers. Research Methods: Quantitative type research using analytical observations with a cross-sectional study approach. Results: research using Chi-Square found that the relationship between length of work with the incidence of acute respiratory infections obtained a p value = 0.391, between the use of personal protective equipment with the incidence of , acute respiratory infections obtained a p value = 0.001. Conclusion: There is no significant relationship between length of work and the incidence of acute respiratory infections, while there is a significant relationship between the use of personal protective equipment and the incidence of acute respiratory infections.

The economics of deep and machine learning-based algorithms for COVID-19 prediction, detection, and diagnosis shaping the organizational management of hospitals

Research background: Deep and machine learning-based algorithms can assist in COVID-19 image-based medical diagnosis and symptom tracing, optimize intensive care unit admission, and use clinical data to determine patient prioritization and mortality risk, being pivotal in qualitative care provision, reducing medical errors, and increasing patient survival rates, thus diminishing the massive healthcare system burden in relation to severe COVID-19 inpatient stay duration, while increasing operational costs throughout the organizational management of hospitals. Data-driven financial and scenario-based contingency planning, predictive modelling tools, and risk pooling mechanisms should be deployed for additional medical equipment and unforeseen healthcare demand expenses. Purpose of the article: We show that deep and machine learning-based and clinical decision making systems can optimize patient survival likelihood and treatment outcomes with regard to susceptible, infected, and recovered individuals, performing accurate analyses by data modeling based on vital and clinical signs, surveillance data, and infection-related biomarkers, and furthering hospital facility optimization in terms of intensive care unit bed allocation. Methods: The review software systems employed for article screening and quality evaluation were: AMSTAR, AXIS, DistillerSR, Eppi-Reviewer, MMAT, PICO Portal, Rayyan, ROBIS, and SRDR. Findings & value added: Deep and machine learning-based clinical decision support tools can forecast COVID-19 spread, confirmed cases, and infection and mortality rates for data-driven appropriate treatment and resource allocations in effective therapeutic and diagnosis protocol development, by determining suitable measures and regulations and by using symptoms and comorbidities, vital signs, clinical and laboratory data and medical records across intensive care units, impacting the healthcare financing infrastructure. As a result of heightened use of personal protective equipment, hospital pharmacy and medication, outpatient treatment, and medical supplies, revenue loss and financial vulnerability occur, also due to expenses related to hiring additional staff and to critical resource expenditures. Hospital costs for COVID-19 medical care, screening, treatment capacity expansion, and personal protective equipment can lead to further financial losses while affecting COVID-19 frontline hospital workers and patients.

Advance Analysis of the Obtained Recycled Materials from Used Disposable Surgical Masks.

The production of personal protective equipment (PPE) has increased dramatically in recent years, not only because of the pandemic, but also because of stricter legislation in the field of Employee Protection. The increasing use of PPE, including disposable surgical masks (DSMs), is putting additional pressure on waste collectors. For this reason, it is necessary to find high-quality solutions for this type of waste. Mechanical recycling is still the most common type of recycling, but the recyclates are often classified as low-grade materials. For this reason, a detailed analysis of the recyclates is necessary. These data will help us to improve the properties and find the right end application that will increase the value of the materials. This work represents an extended analysis of the recyclates obtained from DSMs, manufactured from different polymers. Using surface and morphology tests, we have gained insights into the distribution of different polymers in polymer blends and their effects on mechanical and surface properties. It was found that the addition of ear loop material to the PP melt makes the material tougher. In the polymer blends obtained, PP and PA 6 form the surface (affects surface properties), while PU and PET are distributed mainly inside the injection-molded samples.

Evaluating the impact of COVID-19 mitigation measures on quality assurance of cross-border construction logistics and supply chain

PurposeWhile COVID-19 mitigation measures (CMMs) aided in steady recovery during the pandemic, they also impeded movement across economies/borders, affecting quality assurance (QA) of Cross-border Construction Logistics and Supply Chain (Cb-CLSC). However, prior studies on the pandemic in the construction project industry have not revealed how CMMs have impacted QA. Thus, this study aims to evaluate the impact of the CMMs on the QA of Cb-CLSC.Design/methodology/approachThis is achieved by adopting an embedded mixed-method approach involving a desk literature review and engaging 150 experts from different economies across the globe using expert surveys, and results verified via semi-structured expert interviews. Structural equation modelling-based multiple regression analysis (SEM-MRA) was integrated to examine the impact of the CMMs on the QA, along with descriptive and content analysis.FindingsThe study confirmed that CMMs have not only impacted the QA negatively but also influenced the positioning of the QA for the post-pandemic era and probably to survive the risks of future pandemics. Among all the identified CMMs, the top three critical measures include “lockdown (CMM2)”, “use of personal protective equipment, such as nose masks, disinfects, etc. (CMM5)”, and “electronic/virtual meetings (CMM7)”. However, CMM5 possesses the highest contributory power to form CMM in impacting the QA, and this can be regarded as largely positive by strengthening health and safety management systems. Its negative impact lies with the project cost increment and the inconveniences of using nose and face masks.Practical implicationsThis study provides a better understanding to construction practitioners and policy makers on how the pandemic policies, i.e. CMMs, have impacted QA and can aid in formulating planning and operational decisions to adequately position the QA for the post-pandemic era and to endure the risks of future pandemics.Originality/valueThe study contributes to knowledge in that it provides a better understanding of how the pandemic policies, such as CMMs, have impacted QA and can aid in formulating planning and operational decisions to adequately position the QA for the post-pandemic era and to endure the risks of future pandemics. This area of study has been given limited attention among prior studies during the pandemic.

Exposure to benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX) at Nigeria's petrol stations: a review of current status, challenges and future directions.

In Nigeria, because of increasing population, urbanization, industrialization, and auto-mobilization, petrol is the most everyday non-edible commodity, and it is the leading petroleum product traded at the proliferating Nigeria's petrol stations (NPSs). However, because of inadequate occupational health and safety (OHS) regulatory measures, working at NPSs exposes petrol station workers (PSWs) to a large amount of hazardous benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX) compounds. Studies on BTEX exposures among Nigerian PSWs are scarce. Thus, constraints in quantifying the health risks of BTEX limit stakeholders' ability to design practical risk assessment and risk control strategies. This paper reviews studies on the OHS of Nigerian PSWs at the NPSs. Although knowledge, attitude, and practices on OHS in NPSs vary from one Nigeria's study setting to another, generally, safety practices, awareness about hazards and personal protective equipment (PPE), and the use of PPE among PSWs fell below expectations. Additionally, air quality at NPSs was poor, with a high content of BTEX and levels of carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulfide, particulate matter, and formaldehyde higher than the World Health Organization guideline limits. Currently, regulatory bodies' effectiveness and accountability in safeguarding OHS at NPSs leave much to be desired. Understanding the OHS of NPSs would inform future initiatives, policies, and regulations that would promote the health and safety of workers at NPSs. However, further studies need to be conducted to describe the vulnerability of PSWs and other Nigerians who are occupationally exposed to BTEX pollution. More importantly, controlling air pollution from hazardous air pollutants like BTEX is an essential component of OHS and integral to attaining the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) 3, 7, and 11.

Socio-demographic, agricultural, and personal protective factors in relation to health literacy among farmers from all regions of Thailand.

Farmers are vulnerable to adverse health effects from pesticide exposure due to their health literacy (HL). Therefore, this study aims to investigate HL among farmers in four main regions of Thailand, investigating socio-demographics, agricultural, and personal protective factors to their HL. This cross-sectional design study was conducted on 4,035 farmers from January to July 2023. The European Health Literacy Survey Questionnaire-47 items were used to measure HL. Thai farmers had a mean HL score of 34.7 ± 8.7, and the farmers in the North region of Thailand had the highest frequency of limited HL (75.8%). Socio-demographic factors that were associated with HL included gender, region of living, marital status, education level, co-morbidity, and number of family members. Agricultural factors associated with HL included planting status, working hours on farm, spraying pesticides, harvesting crops, pesticide use of >1 type, access information from government officers, access information from posters/brochures, information from online multimedia, and access information from neighbors. Personal protective factors that were associated with HL included wearing a hat, goggles, a rubber apron, and a long-sleeved shirt. Our study recommends that strategies and interventions to enhance the HL of farmers should be focused on the target populations, which include men, widows, or divorced, those with low levels of education, those who have co-morbidities, and those who applied pesticides of more than 1 type and improper personal protective equipment (PPE) use. The primary emphasis needs to be on the North region of Thailand, making that the target area to improve health equity in Thailand. These efforts would enhance the HL of farmers and sustainably improve pesticide safety behavior. Additionally, there is an urgent need for supportive measures aimed at altering on-farm practices and promoting education on alternative pest management strategies, particularly non-chemical crop protection, to ensure sustainable agriculture.

Analisis Penerapan Penggunaan Alat Pelindung Diri (APD)

The incidence of infection is considered a serious problem that threatens the health and safety of patients and health workers globally. Nosocomial infections are infections that occur in hospitals and attack sufferers who are in the healing process. Personal protective equipment (PPE) is equipment that workers must use when carrying out work that poses a risk of compromising safety and health. The aim of this research is to determine the implementation of the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) in room D of one of the Bogor city hospitals. The type of research is in the form of a case study of nursing management station nurse practice which was carried out October 16 – November 10 2023. Data collection tools used observation and checklist sheets. The results of research on the types of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) used in room D consist of handscoone, mask, apron, haircap and shoes. The personal protective equipment (PPE) used in room D was found to be incomplete. The implementation of the use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) used in room D was found to be poor, because of the 5 nurses only 3 nurses applied it well (70%), the rest were not good (30%). And in conclusion, implementing the use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is very important for health workers, especially nurses, when carrying out medical procedures to avoid nosocomial infections..

Knowledge and practices of biosecurity measures in the students of the last year of the Nursing Career of an Ecuadorian university

Introduction: Biosafety is currently the pillar where risk prevention converges, adopted not only by health teams, but also by the general population. Objective: To determine the level of knowledge and practice of biosafety measures among students in the last year of the nursing career at a public university in Quito, Ecuador. Methodology: A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out, with a population of 140 students of the rotating internship of the Nursing career. Data were obtained relating the variables: knowledge of biosafety standards of rotating interns and the places where they performed their pre-professional internships, with a confidence level of 95%, considering p < 0.05 as significant, a previously validated and structured questionnaire was applied with 16 questions validated with a Cronbach's Alpha of 0.85, which covered the principles of biosafety. Results: it was evidenced that 100% of the students knew the hand washing procedure; 86% knew about the knowledge, norms, and principles of biosafety; with respect to waste management, only 76% were clear about the procedure; 54% knew how to proceed with the treatment of contaminated material. Regarding the use of personal protective equipment (PPE), 91% of the students used the surgical mask as protection in the places of practice and only 39% used the N95 respirator. The vaccination used before performing their practices it was evidenced that 100% of the participants had the COVID- 19 vaccine, followed by the Hepatitis B vaccine with 94%, the Diphtheria and Tetanus vaccine was used in 91% and 70% the influenza vaccine. Conclusions: It could be determined that biosafety knowledge was high in the evaluated students, on the other hand, biosafety practices, the use of personal protective equipment (PPE), depend on the complexity and level of care where the practices were performed, more emphasis should be made regarding waste management and treatment of contaminated material. In health careers, the evaluation of adherence to biosafety practices is of vital importance.

ANALISA RESIKO KESELAMATAN KERJA KARYAWAN PRODUKSI SEPATU DIVISI NIKE DENGAN METODE HIRARC (HAZARD IDENTIFICATION, RISK ASSESSMENT, AND RISK CONTROL) DI PT. NIKOMAS GEMILANG

Occupational Safety and Health (K3) is an issue that must be considered by all organizations, for example in industry. Based on observations and interviews of the production department at the Nike Division of PT. Nikomas Gemilang, There have been work accidents ranging from light to severe categories. The Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment and Risk Control (HIRARC) method in the production process with hazard identification steps (Hazard Identification), risk assessment (Risk Assessment) classifies based on the severity of the hazard posed (Severity). The last step is to multiply the Likelihood value and Severity value that will be mapped into the Risk Matrix. Hazard identification using Job Safety Analysis (JSA) 33 potential hazards were obtained in the production section at PT. Nikomas Resplendent Nike Division. There are 3 types of hazards that exist in the entire production process, namely: ergonomic hazards, physical hazards and chemical hazards. From the results of the risk assessment, it was found that the risk in the Low category was 11 (34%) potential, while in the Medium category there were 10 (30%) potentials, the High category as many as 8 (24%) potentials and the Very High category 4 (12%) potentials. Control that can be done to reduce risk is the use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) for workers, so that workers can safely and comfortably work and are installed warning signs in every corner of the room to prevent accidents

Decay of pathogens (indicators of Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp.) in soil due to the application of reuse water

Reuse water is defined as the reuse of water from treated effluents, it requires careful monitoring to avoid damage to environmental health. This study evaluates the decay of Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. bacteria in soil irrigated with reused water for agricultural reuse, without damaging public or environmental health. The decay of Escherichia coli and of Salmonella spp. was verified using the Filter Membrane method SS AGAR culture medium was used. The decay curves over time were made using the Sigmaplot program. Each experimental group had 4 pots (one group irrigated with recycled water and the other with drinking water), two pots containing vegetation cover and two containing only soil. In crops irrigated with reused water, the survival time of Salmonella spp. was double compared to the others, and E. coli survival did not vary between groups. Pots with bare soil irrigated with uncontaminated reused water showed a faster decline in Salmonella spp. For agricultural reuse, irrigation must be done by drip and with the use of personal protective equipment. It is essential to create national legislation to protect public and environmental health.
 Keywords: agricultural reuse, decay analysis of microorganisms, public health.

Influence Health Promotion of Personal Protective Equipment to Increase Knowledge About Contact Dermatitis in Citrus Farmers in Cingkes Village Kabupaten Simalungun

<div><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="left"><tbody><tr><td align="left" valign="top"><p><em>Occupational Contact Dermatitis is a skin disorder that is often found in farmers who spray pesticides. Knowledge of the use of personal protective equipment on citrus farmers in Cingkes Village is still low, therefore it is very important to provide health counseling on the use of personal protective equipment on farmers. The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of health promotion about pesticides and the use of personal protective equipment on increasing knowledge about dermatitis in citrus farmers in Cingkes Village, Simalungun Regency. This type of research is quasi-experimental with a one group pre test-post test research design. This research was conducted in Cingkes Village, Simalungun Regency, which was carried out from July to September 2023. The research sampling was carried out by purposive sampling method. The instruments used were questionnaires and standing banners, leaflets and demonstrations on the use of personal protective equipment to improve farmers' knowledge of contact dermatitis.  Data were analyzed using Wilcoxon signed rank test with SPSS version 20 software. The results showed that there is a significant influence of health promotion regarding Personal Protective Equipment on knowledge of contact dermatitis among orange farmers in Cingkes Village, Simalungun Regency (p-value=0.000). To the government and health workers to increase the knowledge of farmers by providing health counseling in order to prevent the occurrence of dermatitis in farmers. to citrus farmer farmers should use gloves, protective clothing, glasses, and masks when working with citrus or chemicals to prevent contact dermatitis.</em></p><p><em> </em></p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><strong><em>Keywords : Health Promotion, Dermatitis, Farmers, Knowledge, Personal Protective Equipment</em></strong>

Older individuals and preventative behavioural interventions for COVID-19: a scoping review and perspective on wellbeing

Background In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, nations around the world introduced a range of behavioural interventions and restrictions in order to manage the spread of the virus. These included social distancing, lockdowns, and use of personal protective equipment, amongst others. The aim of the present paper is to examine some of the effects of these interventions on the psychological wellbeing and mental health of older adults, especially those with hearing loss. Methods The present review focused on published peer reviewed studies focusing on older adults. Search engines included Google Scholar, SpringerLink Journals, ProQuest Central, and PubMed employing different combinations of search terms such as “COVID-19”, “older adults”, and “isolation”. Results Older adults were at risk of experiencing increased anxiety and depression and poorer wellbeing during lockdowns across nations, with those self-reporting loneliness reporting more severe symptomatology. Reductions in wellbeing were observed both amongst community-dwelling older adults and those living in residential care facilities. Use of personal protective equipment, especially masks, and social distancing requirements impacted communication amongst older adults with hearing loss, with this subgroup reporting increased depression, anxiety, and stress, with symptoms increasing with the severity of the hearing loss. Conclusions While technology can help to mitigate the impacts of lockdowns and restrictions, limited access to devices and a range of challenges in upskilling older adults has impacted the utility of these technologies for promoting wellbeing. Education and training in the use of technologies and digital devices for both older adults and families might assist in promoting wellbeing, with increased accessibility needed in aged care facilities to further support the wellbeing of residents.

Deep Learning for Detection of Proper Utilization and Adequacy of Personal Protective Equipment in Manufacturing Teaching Laboratories

Occupational sectors are perennially challenged by the potential for workplace accidents, particularly in roles involving tools and machinery. A notable cause of such accidents is the inadequate use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), essential in preventing injuries and illnesses. This risk is not confined to workplaces alone but extends to educational settings with practical activities, like manufacturing teaching laboratories in universities. Current methods for monitoring and ensuring proper PPE usage especially in the laboratories are limited, lacking in real-time and accurate detection capabilities. This study addresses this gap by developing a visual-based, deep learning system specifically tailored for assessing PPE usage in manufacturing teaching laboratories. The method of choice for object detection in this study is You Only Look Once (YOLO) algorithms, encompassing YOLOv4, YOLOv5, and YOLOv6. YOLO processes images in a single pass through its architecture, in which its efficiency allows for real-time detection. The novel contribution of this study lies in its computer vision models, adept at not only detecting compliance but also assessing adequacy of PPE usage. The result indicates that the proposed computer vision models achieve high accuracy for detection of PPE usage compliance and adequacy with a mAP value of 0.757 and an F1-score of 0.744, obtained with the YOLOv5 model. The implementation of a deep learning system for PPE compliance in manufacturing teaching laboratories could markedly improve safety, preventing accidents and injuries through real-time compliance monitoring. Its effectiveness and adaptability could set a precedent for safety protocols in various educational settings, fostering a wider culture of safety and compliance.

PELAKSANAAN KEBIJAKAN DAN PENILAIAN PENGGUNAAN APD (ALAT PELINDUNG DIRI) OLEH DOKTER DAN BIDAN DI RUANG BERSALIN DAN NIFAS RSU PKU MUHAMMADIYAH YOGYAKARTA UNIT I TAHUN 2014/2015

Background: Hospital is a place for taking care of the patients where there are many kinds of disease there. Disease caused by infection is one of disease that can be found in hospital. It can be the mild one or the severe one. Therefore, it can spread from one patient to the other patients. Besides that, the workers also can be infected since their job required them to having a contact with the infection agent. The General hospital of PKU Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta Unit 1 has formed the Komite Pencegahan dan Pengendalian Infeksi (KPPI) or Committee of Prevention and Restraint of Infection since 2012, this committee has made a policy related to universal precautions which giving protection to medical staff, patients, and patients’ families.
 Methods: In collecting the data, this research used mixed method with concurrent triangulation strategy design and cross-sectional approach. The population of this research is doctors in delivery and postpartum room and the members of KPPI. The total of the population is 30 people. In analyzing the data, the writer used logistic regression. The resources were taken from some related books, journals, articles, and research from several media.
 Results and Discussion: The result of this research showed that the degree of compliance of doctors and midwives in using PPE (Personal Protective Equipment) in postpartum room (92.9%) was higher than the using of PPE in the delivery room (76.9%). This implementation/compliance is influenced by disposition factors/attitude (ρ = 0.000 <0.05) and the structure of bureaucracy (ρ 0,000 <0.05), while the variable of communication (ρ=0,164 > 0,05) and resource (ρ=0,431 > 0,05) do not influence on the implementation of the use of PPE.
 Conclusions and Recommendations: The implementation of the use of PPE in the delivery and postpartum room is still not performing well and the evaluation process was still not optimal. The hospital is expected to improve the supervision of the head room. Moreover, the implementation of SOP (Standard Operational Procedure) on the universal Guidelines for Vigilance Implementation should be conducted especially the use of PPE in delivery and postpartum room.